Analytical & columnar

How do billions of values become an interactive answer?

Learn columnar layout, compression, vectorized execution, partitions, distributed scans, and storage-compute separation.

Systems compared

• ClickHouse
• DuckDB
• Snowflake
• BigQuery
• Redshift

Open the engine

1. Column encodings
2. Vectorized execution
3. Partition pruning
4. Materialized views
5. Distributed query execution

Reconstruction lab

Run one analytical workload row-wise and column-wise, inspect the plans, and explain the performance gap.